Download geometrical_coordinates.mw

Edgardo S. Cheb-Terrab
Physics, Differential Equations and Mathematical Functions, Maplesoft

@nm

You can, of course, add your approach to display any function the way you want, see ?latex,functions, or use any other scheme you imagine - you don't need to populate your question with that - it makes it long, more difficult to read.

Yet, I wanted to express to you that blanket-statements like

"[displaying mathematical functions the way they are displayed in textbooks, there exists notation for all of them, see the Digital Library of Mathematical Functions] makes it very hard when looking at the equations in latex and the pdf to know what these special functions are."

don't look to me appreciative of the diversity of opinions around. My opinion, for instance, is that I haven't seen one single textbook that displays the Bessel function of the first kind as BesselJ(n, z). 

As the author of the FunctionAdvisor and latex, I intentionally coded the translation to use mathematical notation, which is standard for mathematical functions, as you see in any textbook, or the DLMF mentioned.

That said, being aware that some people got so familiar with computer algebra that they prefer the old computer notation, from the time there was no computer typesetting, you have several latex options. See ?latex, in Options, scan for "translation = ...", or also in the section for latex:-Settings check the meaning of userestrictedtypesetting, usespecialfunctionrules, usetypesettingcurrentsettings. I imagine the last one will suffice for your purpose, inferring from your question that you may have set your Maple to never display mathematical functions with mathematical notation.

Edgardo S. Cheb-Terrab
Physics, Differential Equations and Mathematical Functions, Maplesoft

Mainly, this system is highly sensitive to the initial conditions; in simple terms, depending on the value of H and initial conditions, you could expect all numerical methods to drift.

I also suggest you open the page ?examples,poincare, where an analysis of the chaotic behaviour of the Henon-Heiles Hamiltonian is performed using the Poincare surface-of-section method, reflecting the progressive disintegration of the KAM surfaces (again, depending on the value you choose for the Hamiltonian and initial conditions). Conditions like the ones that produce the first out of six figures generated with DEtools:-poincare and shown on that page have better chances of preserving the value of H.

Edgardo S. Cheb-Terrab
Physics, Differential Equations and Mathematical Functions, Maplesoft.

The problem was in the simplifier, not the solver, related to improvements in Maple 2023 regarding the simplification of trig functions. To install the Updates with the fix, as usual, open the GUI (worksheet) and input Physics:-Version(latest);

Edgardo S. Cheb-Terrab
Physics, Differential Equations and Mathematical Functions, Maplesoft

The answer is in the help pages. When you input Weyl[scalars] it computes the scalars for the metric set. See ?Weyl.

When you input WeylScalars(some_tetrad), the Weyl scalars for the tetrad you passed are computed. The scalars are naturally different if the tetrad you pass is not the tetrad set. To see the tetrad set, load the package entering with(Tetrads), then input e_[]. Recalling, given a metric, the tetrad is defined up to a Lorentz transformation; i.e. there are infinitely many solutions to the tetrad defining equations (input with(Tetrads) followed by e_[definition]). See ?WeylScalars.

When you input TransformTetrad(canonicalform), the tetrad set is transformed (using Lorentz transformations) such that the output is a tetrad in canonical form; i.e. the corresponding Weyl scalars are the simplest ones, as described in ?TransformTetrad; with minor if any, residual invariance (also described on the help page). For this, see ?TransformTetrad.

If your question is not already answered with examples in these three interrelated pages, please bring it here again.

Edgardo S. Cheb-Terrab
Physics, Differential Equations an Mathematical Functions, Maplesoft

Hi

The Maplesoft Physics Updates v.1451 or newer, anyone with Maple 2023 can install it, has this issue fixed.

Edgardo S. Cheb-Terrab
Physics, Differential Equations and Mathematical Functions, Maplesoft

Use Setup(dimension = 4, mathematicalnotation = true, coordinates = spherical, signature = "+---" ) to automatically set the spherical coordinates to (t, r, theta, phi).

Also, the keyword spherical has a special meaning: when you use it, these coordinates receive the corresponding assumptions. Input map(getassumptions, [X]) and you will see that. These assumptions are set automatically only when you use the keyword spherical.

Edgardo S. Cheb-Terrab
Physics, Differential Equations and Mathematical Functions, Maplesoft

Hi,

Below is my answer yesterday, and this text now is a correction: I am sorry I misread your question, @Rakshak . Somehow I missed the word "vacuum" and that by Metric search you meant you were using the DifferentialGeometry:-Library:-MetricSearch applet.  Thanks to @Hullzie and @Jamie for somehow pointing out what I misread. Indeed, one would expect that if, on the applet, you click vacuum, the output should restrict the Petrov type II metrics to those with EnergyMomentum = 0, and so Ricci = 0.

Now, the applet returns not just [33, 8, 3] but also [20, 32, 1] as "Petrov type II and vacuum", and both have non zero Ricci components, and have arbitrary functions that, if adjusted, result in Ricci = 0. To understand why the applet returns these two, load the Physics:-Tetrads package and check, for instance, this input/output

You will see that the scalars - now computed with the tetrad in canonical form - are those of Petrov II (see ?PetrovType for the expected scalars), and they don't depend on the arbitrary functions found in the metric. The same happens with your example, [33, 8, 3].

In conclusion: the spacetime is of type II regardless of the arbitrary functions (or parameters) found in the metric, but it is a vacuum solution only if you solve these parameters (functions or symbols) such that the components of Ricci are equal to 0. I will add a sentence clarifying this on the help page of DifferentialGeometry:-Library:-MetricSearch.

To the side, I note that it is also possible to specialize the arbitrary functions found in these two metrics in such a way that the resulting metric is not of Petrov type II anymore. How could that be?

The answer is that, as explained in the help page of PetrovType, the algorithm determines the type according to the multiplicity of the roots of the underlying principal polynomial. If that is done without specializing the parameters found in the metric (in these two examples: unknown functions), some roots may be different while becoming the same after specializing those parameters.

Edgardo S. Cheb-Terrab
Physics, Differential Equations and Mathematical Functions, Maplesoft

___________________________________________________________________

Original answer yesterday.

Metrics of Petrov type II don't have the Ricci tensor equal to a matrix of zeros. The metric [33, 8, 3] is an example of that, Petrov type II, and the Ricci tensor has non-zero components.

I suggest you take a look at the help page ?Tetrads:-PetrovType, where you see the description of the types and how they are calculated, including different algorithms that you could invoke to perform that calculation. On that page, you will also find other examples of Petrov type II, with non-zero Ricci.

Answering your question: the Metric Search applet of DifferentialGeometry is correct, [33, 8, 3] is of Petrov type II, you are not misusing anything, nor is there a glitch in the programs. It is your statement (expecting Ricci to be equal to 0 for Petrov type II) that is not correct.

I think the page ?Tetrads:-PetrovType as well as ?Tetrads:-TransformTetrad present a clear exposition on the topic; still if you want literature outside Maple, you can take a look at The classification of the Ricci and Plebanski Tensors.

Edgardo S. Cheb-Terrab
Physics, Differential Equations and Mathematical Functions, Maplesoft

Download position_of_the_timelike_component.mw

Edgardo S. Cheb-Terrab
Physics, Differential Equations and Mathematical Functions, Maplesoft

Hi
Both the Physics and DifferentialGeometry packages have PetrovType and SegreType commands. Take a look at the corresponding help pages, and there you will find examples. In particular, the SegreType command returns the Plebanski-Petrov and Segre classifications of the Ricci tensor corresponding to the spacetime metric set.

Edgardo S. Cheb-Terrab
Physics, Differential Equations and Mathematical Functions, Maplesoft

If you input just Geodesics(), you get the same as when using output = equations, that is, the set of ODEs - the equations themselves - that you need to integrate. If you add initial conditions, you can numerically integrate those geodesic equations - see the help page ?dsolve/numeric.

By the way, it is with(Physics), (not physics, recall that Maple is case-sensitive), and Physics is a modern package developed and maintained by Maplesoft, that comes with your copy of Maple; it is not related in any way to GRTensor, which is an older package, not developed by Maplesoft and that does not come with your copy of Maple.

Edgardo S. Cheb-Terrab
Physics, Differential Equations and Mathematical Functions, Maplesoft

Given a worksheet that contains functions with dependencies, no, there is not a single command that will make "all the functions in the worksheet" have the their functionality suppressed.

There is however something closer. Suppose you have equation labels for all the output of your worksheet. Then, provided you are willing to type them (or click the equation labels one by one), the following will suppress the functionality of all the functions entering those equation labels:

PDEtools:-declare((1), (2), (3), ... (25), ...)  # list all the equation labels separated by commas.

Edgardo S. Cheb-Terrab
Physics, Differential Equations and Mathematical Functions, Maplesoft

Call your expression eee; then go with:

PDEtools:-Solve(eee, {a[3],b[2],c[0],c[2]}, independentof = {k[1], k[2], k[3], omega[1], omega[2], omega[3]});

This is what I get: {a[3] = 0, b[2] = 0, c[0] = c[0], c[2] = c[2]}

I suppose you could try also solve/identity

Edgardo S. Cheb-Terrab
Physics, DifferentialEquations and MathematicalFunctions, Maplesoft

Edgardo S. Cheb-Terrab
Physics, Differential Equations and Mathematical Functions, Maplesoft

Download Tricky_example.mw

UPDATE MAY 1: The code in dsolve is now slightly adjusted according with the comment above, so that now dsolve(eqn) automatically produces the simpler general solution, including the singular solutions, as if you had entered dsolve(eqn, way = 4). So this issue is resolved, and the adjustment is included in the Maplesoft Physics Updates for Maple 2023, v.1437 or newer.

Edgardo S. Cheb-Terrab
Physics, Differential Equations and Mathematical Functions, Maplesoft