Maple 2024 Questions and Posts

These are Posts and Questions associated with the product, Maple 2024

I am experimenting using the this format of  Vector( [Vector] ) to make projective vectors a different data type to Vectors. I don't want to use 1 x 3 or 3 x 1 matrices. The format holds some promise.
I would like to be able to copy the Maple format of Vector or Vector[column]    and Vector[row] for my varaition. 

ProjVectoC and ProjVectorR    so ProjVector or ProjVector[column]   and ProjVector[row]
A secondary question  is on type checking (see previous question How to setup special type check in a procedure? - MaplePrimes  ). Would it be possible to have the type check return ProjVector[column] or ProjVector[row]?
The attached worksheet contains a procedure for factor reducing the vectors to to a minimal format of <x,y,z>. Also   Cross product and Dot product procedures to suit.

I am open to any efficiency improvements.

restart

interface(rtablesize=50)

[10, 10]

(1)

with(LinearAlgebra):

 

FactReduce:=overload([
     proc(v::{list,Vector})
          option overload;
          description " removes linear factor from",
                      " a list, vector, matrix or expression";
          uses LinearAlgebra;
          local i, num,tgdc,dnm, V1;
          num:=`ifelse`(type(v,Vector),numelems(v),nops(v));
          dnm:=frontend(lcm, [seq(denom(v[i]),i=1..num)]);
          V1:=radnormal(v*~dnm);
          tgdc:=V1[1];

          for i from 2 to num do
               tgdc:=frontend(gcd, [tgdc, V1[i]]);
          end do;

          return  simplify(V1/~tgdc);
     end proc,

     proc(M::{Matrix})
          option overload;
          uses LinearAlgebra;
          local i, num,r,c, tgdc,dnm, V1, Ml;
          r,c:=Dimension(M);
          num:=r*c;
          V1:=convert(M,list);
          dnm:=frontend(lcm, [seq(denom(V1[i]),i=1..num)]);
          Ml:=radnormal(dnm*~M);
          V1:=convert(Ml,list);#print((dnm,V1));
          tgdc:=V1[1];#print("xx")

          for i from 2 to num do
               tgdc:=frontend(gcd, [tgdc, V1[i]])
          end do;

          return  simplify(Ml/~tgdc);   
     end proc,

     proc(l::{`+`,`*`,`=`, `symbol`,procedure},  {vars::list:=[:-x,:-y]})
          option overload;
          uses LinearAlgebra;
          local i, num,f1,f1a,lv,lr, tgdc,dnm, V1,Vs;
          f1 := `if`(l::procedure, l(vars[]), l);
               f1a:=`if`(f1::`=`,lhs(f1)-rhs(f1),f1)  ; # Remequal(f1);
          lr:=primpart(f1a,vars);
          return lr
end proc

]):

ProjVectorC := proc(a, b, c)
local cfs, vectr;
description " A Projective Column (Line) Vector in Reduced format";
cfs := FactReduce([a, b, c]);
vectr := <[<cfs>]>;
end proc:

 

ProjVectorR := proc(a, b, c)
local cfs, vectr;
description " A Projective Row (Point) Vector";
cfs := sign(c)*FactReduce([a, b, c]);
vectr := <[<cfs>^%T]>^%T;
end proc:

 

`&otimes;` := proc(A, B)
local cp;
description "Cross Product of Projective Vectors in Reduced format";
cp :=sign(c)* FactReduce(LinearAlgebra:-`&x`(A[1], B[1]))^%T;
cp := ifelse(cp[3] <> 0, <[sign(cp[3]) *~ cp]>, cp); #makes sure format is [x,y,z] and not [x,y-z]
end proc:

 

`&odot;` := proc(A, B)
description "Dot Product of Projective Vectors";
(A[1]) . (B[1]);
end proc:

 

V := ProjVectorR(2, 4, -6); W := ProjVectorR(11, 7, 5); S := ProjVectorC(6, -18, 24)

Vector[column](%id = 36893490982610361748)

(2)

whattype(V); `~`[whattype](V)

Vector[row](%id = 36893490982610825812)

(3)

whattype(S); `~`[whattype](S)

Vector[column](%id = 36893490982626471436)

(4)

`~`[whattype](V[1])

Vector[row](%id = 36893490982558545668)

(5)

V[1] . V[1]

14

(6)

`&odot;`(V, V)

14

(7)

R := `&otimes;`(W, V)

Vector[column](%id = 36893490982630825980)

(8)

R := `&otimes;`(V, W)

Vector[column](%id = 36893490982630903548)

(9)

whattype(R)

Vector[column]

(10)

`~`[whattype](R)

Vector[column](%id = 36893490982598861396)

(11)

`~`[whattype](R[1])

Vector[column](%id = 36893490982598866092)

(12)

`&otimes;`(R, S)

Vector[column](%id = 36893490982624872076)

(13)

`&odot;`(R, S)

-85

(14)

`&odot;`(W, R)

0

(15)

`&odot;`(R, `<,>`([`<,>`(x, y, 1)]))

15-31*x+38*y

(16)
 

 

Download 2024-11-21_Q_Projective_Vector_Format.mw

Hello Maple enthusiasts,

I am excited to share a sample worksheet on Ordinary Differential Equations (ODEs), created as part of my ongoing project—a book I am writing for undergraduate students. This book is designed to teach ODEs using Maple, offering an interactive and intuitive approach to solving differential equations.

As far as I know, there aren’t many books available in the Greek language that combine ODEs with Maple. In fact, I believe there’s only one other such resource, which highlights the lack of materials in this niche. My goal is to fill this gap by providing students and educators with a resource that is both practical and accessible, leveraging Maple's powerful capabilities to deepen understanding and simplify complex concepts.

The worksheet I’m sharing includes:

  • Step-by-step solutions to ODEs using Maple.
  • Graphical representations to visualize solutions, which I believe are invaluable for fostering comprehension.

I hope this preview sparks your interest and provides insight into the teaching style and structure of the upcoming book. I would love to hear your thoughts, feedback, or suggestions for topics you think should be included.

Solve the following differential equation

diff(y(x), x) = x*y(x)
with initial condition y(0) = 1

restart; with(plots); with(DEtools)

ode := diff(y(x), x) = x*y(x)

diff(y(x), x) = x*y(x)

(1)

ic := y(0) = 1

y(0) = 1

(2)

general_solution := dsolve(ode, y(x))

y(x) = c__1*exp((1/2)*x^2)

(3)

particular_solution := dsolve({ic, ode}, y(x))

y(x) = exp((1/2)*x^2)

(4)

soln := dsolve({ic, ode}, y(x), numeric)

``

(5)

p1 := odeplot(soln, [x, y(x)], x = -5 .. 5, labels = ["x", "y(x)"], color = green)

directionfield := dfieldplot(ode, [y(x)], x = -5 .. 5, y = -5 .. 5, color = blue, arrows = slim, scaling = constrained, axes = boxed)

display([p1, directionfield], view = [-5 .. 5, -5 .. 5])

 

NULL

Solve the following differential equation

diff(y(x), x) = x/y(x)
with initial condition y(0) = 2

restart; with(plots); with(DEtools)

ode1 := diff(y(x), x) = x/y(x)

diff(y(x), x) = x/y(x)

(6)

ic := y(0) = 2

y(0) = 2

(7)

dsolve(ode1, y(x))

y(x) = (x^2+c__1)^(1/2), y(x) = -(x^2+c__1)^(1/2)

(8)

NULL

soln := dsolve({ic, ode1}, y(x), numeric)

p1 := odeplot(soln, [x, y(x)], x = -5 .. 5, labels = ["x", "y(x)"], color = green)

directionfield := dfieldplot(ode1, [y(x)], x = -5 .. 5, y = -5 .. 5, color = blue, arrows = slim, scaling = constrained, axes = boxed)

display([p1, directionfield], view = [-5 .. 5, -5 .. 5])

 

NULL

Solve the following differential equation

dy/dx = e^y/(x^2+1)
with initial condition y(0) = -1

restart; with(plots); with(DEtools)

ode2 := diff(y(x), x) = exp(y(x))/(x^2+1)

diff(y(x), x) = exp(y(x))/(x^2+1)

(9)

ic := y(0) = -1

y(0) = -1

(10)

dsolve(ode2, y(x))

y(x) = ln(-1/(arctan(x)+c__1))

(11)

soln := dsolve({ic, ode2}, y(x), numeric)

p1 := odeplot(soln, [x, y(x)], x = -5 .. 5, labels = ["x", "y(x)"], color = green)

directionfield := dfieldplot(ode2, [y(x)], x = -5 .. 5, y = -5 .. 5, color = blue, arrows = slim, scaling = constrained, axes = boxed)

display([p1, directionfield], view = [-5 .. 5, -5 .. 5])

 

NULL

Solve the following differential equation

dy/dx = y^2+y
with initial condition y(1) = 2

restart; with(plots); with(DEtools)

ode3 := diff(y(x), x) = y(x)+y(x)^2

diff(y(x), x) = y(x)+y(x)^2

(12)

ic := y(1) = 2

y(1) = 2

(13)

dsolve(ode3, y(x))

y(x) = 1/(-1+exp(-x)*c__1)

(14)

soln := dsolve({ic, ode3}, y(x))

y(x) = 2/(-2+3*exp(-x)*exp(1))

(15)

DEplot(ode3, y(x), x = -5 .. 5, y = -5 .. 5, [[y(1) = 2]], color = blue, arrows = slim, scaling = constrained, axes = boxed)

 

NULL

Solve the following differential equation

y*dy/dx-x = 0
with initial condition y(0) = 4, y(1) = 2, y(-1) = -2and y(-2) = -4.

restart; with(plots); with(DEtools)

ode4 := y(x)*(diff(y(x), x))-x = 0

y(x)*(diff(y(x), x))-x = 0

(16)

ic := y(0) = 4

y(0) = 4

(17)

dsolve(ode4, y(x))

y(x) = (x^2+c__1)^(1/2), y(x) = -(x^2+c__1)^(1/2)

(18)

DEplot(ode4, y(x), x = -5 .. 5, y = -5 .. 5, [[y(1) = 2], [y(0) = 4], [y(-1) = -2], [y(-2) = -4]], color = blue, arrows = slim, scaling = constrained, axes = boxed)

 

 

 

NULL

Solve the following differential equation

dy/dx = 2*x+2*xy^2/y
with initial condition y(0) = 2.

restart; with(plots); with(DEtools)

ode5 := diff(y(x), x) = (2*x+2*x*y(x)^2)/y(x)

diff(y(x), x) = (2*x+2*x*y(x)^2)/y(x)

(19)

ic := y(0) = 2

y(0) = 2

(20)

dsolve(ode5, y(x))

y(x) = (exp(2*x^2)*c__1-1)^(1/2), y(x) = -(exp(2*x^2)*c__1-1)^(1/2)

(21)

psoln := dsolve({ic, ode5}, y(x))

y(x) = (5*exp(2*x^2)-1)^(1/2)

(22)

soln := dsolve({ic, ode5}, y(x), numeric)

p1 := odeplot(soln, [x, y(x)], x = -5 .. 5, labels = ["x", "y(x)"], color = green)

directionfield := dfieldplot(ode5, [y(x)], x = -5 .. 5, y = -3 .. 10, color = blue, arrows = slim, scaling = constrained, axes = boxed)

display([p1, directionfield], view = [-5 .. 5, -3 .. 10])

 

NULL


 

Download separable_diff_equations.mw

 

The following is not a profound problem, and there is an obvious solution,

but it came up, and I would like to learn more about it.

 

Even though I recommend the add procedure when summing up individual entities,

my students keep showing me how smart the sum procedure is. Which makes

our worksheets more readable and reproducible for Maple users who are less frequent.

 

For example:

 

restart; Xlist := [1, 2, 3]; N := numelems(Xlist)

3

Using palette icon:

sum(Xlist[n], n = 1 .. N)

6

Cool!  Which means

sum(Xlist[n], n = 1 .. N)

6

But if we use the same palette icon for a vector

Xvector := convert(Xlist, Vector); sum(Xvector[n], n = 1 .. N)

Error, bad index into Vector

Because I believe this fails

sum(Xvector[n], n = 1 .. N)

Error, bad index into Vector

 

Would someone please teach me how I can see why the sum of a list

works, but does the sum of a vector fail?

Download MaplePrimes_sum_list_vector.mw

Maple defaults to expressing output in terms of Cosines.

Is it possible to instruct maple to rather calculate the output  with Sine as the default ?

I was not expecting odesteps to show steps for this ode, but crash the server each and everytime?

Anyone could find why? I am using Maple 2024.2 on windows 10 with latest Physics. This might indicate serious problem somewhere. Software should not really crash this easily.

interface(version);

`Standard Worksheet Interface, Maple 2024.2, Windows 10, October 29 2024 Build ID 1872373`

Physics:-Version();

`The "Physics Updates" version in the MapleCloud is 1827 and is the same as the version installed in this computer, created 2024, November 13, 9:16 hours Pacific Time.`

libname;

"C:\Users\Owner\maple\toolbox\2024\Physics Updates\lib", "C:\Program Files\Maple 2024\lib"

restart;

ode:=5*(1+t^2)*diff(y(t),t)=4*t*y(t)*(y(t)^3-1);

5*(t^2+1)*(diff(y(t), t)) = 4*t*y(t)*(y(t)^3-1)

dsolve(ode);

y(t) = 1/((t^2+1)^(6/5)*c__1+1)^(1/3), y(t) = -(1/2)/((t^2+1)^(6/5)*c__1+1)^(1/3)-((1/2)*I)*3^(1/2)/((t^2+1)^(6/5)*c__1+1)^(1/3), y(t) = -(1/2)/((t^2+1)^(6/5)*c__1+1)^(1/3)+((1/2)*I)*3^(1/2)/((t^2+1)^(6/5)*c__1+1)^(1/3)

Student:-ODEs:-ODESteps(ode);


 

Download crash_server_nov_18_2024.mw

here is small movie

 

 

Hello,

I present the rolling of an ellipse along a spatial curve and along curves placed on a surface, also along a Mobius surface.

Attached are the Maple source files.

Best regards.

Source_-_mw.zip






Hi, the below code is the equation of a standard ellipse intersects the line at two points, (x1,y1) and (x2,y2).

I wanna "y1+y2" and "y1*y2" generate by specific code auto, no need to input "k*x1_plus_x2 + 2*b" and "b*k*x1_plus_x2 + k^2*x1_by_x2 + b^2" manually. But I don't know how to edit it? maybe sequence?

Any answer and reply is welcome.

restart

The below code is the equation of a standard ellipse intersects the line at two points, (x1,y1) and (x2,y2).

I wanna "y1+y2" and "y1*y2" generate by specific code auto, no need to input "k*x1_plus_x2 + 2*b" and "b*k*x1_plus_x2 + k^2*x1_by_x2 + b^2" manually. But I don't know how to edit it? maybe sequence?

Error, missing operator or `;`

 

C := x^2/A^2+y^2/B^2-1

x^2/A^2+y^2/B^2-1

(1)

l := y = k*x+b

y = k*x+b

(2)

subs(l, C)

x^2/A^2+(k*x+b)^2/B^2-1

(3)

eq := collect(%, {x, x^2})

(1/A^2+k^2/B^2)*x^2+2*b*k*x/B^2+b^2/B^2-1

(4)

x1_plus_x2 := simplify(-coeff(eq, x)/coeff(eq, x^2))

-2*b*k*A^2/(A^2*k^2+B^2)

(5)

x1_by_x2 := simplify(coeff(eq, x, 0)/coeff(eq, x^2))

(-B^2+b^2)*A^2/(A^2*k^2+B^2)

(6)

x1 := solve(eq = 0, x)[1]; x2 := solve(eq = 0, x)[2]

-(b*k*A-(A^2*B^2*k^2+B^4-B^2*b^2)^(1/2))*A/(A^2*k^2+B^2)

 

-(b*k*A+(A^2*B^2*k^2+B^4-B^2*b^2)^(1/2))*A/(A^2*k^2+B^2)

(7)

subs(x1, l); subs(x2, l)
I don't know how to make it like y1=k*x1+b and y2=k*x2+b auto in this procedure.

Error, invalid input: subs received -(b*k*A-(A^2*B^2*k^2+B^4-B^2*b^2)^(1/2))/(A^2*k^2+B^2)*A, which is not valid for its 1st argument

 

Error, invalid input: subs received -(b*k*A+(A^2*B^2*k^2+B^4-B^2*b^2)^(1/2))/(A^2*k^2+B^2)*A, which is not valid for its 1st argument

 

Error, missing operator or `;`

 

y1_plus_y2 := simplify(k*x1_plus_x2+2*b)

2*b*B^2/(A^2*k^2+B^2)

(8)

y1_by_y2 := simplify(b*k*x1_plus_x2+k^2*x1_by_x2+b^2)

B^2*(-A^2*k^2+b^2)/(A^2*k^2+B^2)

(9)
 

 

Download ask_ellispe_and_straight_line.mw

I experience Maple 2024 not beeing responsive.

It happens often that nothing is happening for 10 to 15 seconds after placing the cursor in an input line.

When the cursor is back, typing is normal for a little while and then again Maple is not reacting to user input.

The worksheets I am working with are between 50 and 100 Mb large in file size (containing plot3d structures, approx 1000 frames distributed across several plots:-display statements). It looks to me that the GUI has to do some house keeping from time to time which keeps it buisy with all the plot structures.

I could delete (plot) output, but this would require execution of the worksheet (before deleting the output) each time I want to continue working normally. This takes several minutes to be ready to work.

Anything else that I can do?

I am learning patten matching in Maple. 

Any one could explain why patmatch(1, (x::anything)^(n::'nonunit'(anything)))   gives true but patmatch(2, (x::anything)^n::'nonunit'(anything)); gives false?

interface(version);

`Standard Worksheet Interface, Maple 2024.2, Windows 10, October 29 2024 Build ID 1872373`

restart;

patmatch(1, (x::anything)^(n::'nonunit'(anything)))

true

patmatch(2, (x::anything)^n::'nonunit'(anything));

false

Download patmatch_question_nov_16_2024.mw

I was expecting result similar to using this other software

I do not understand Maple's result. How could I change the patmatch so it does not match 1 to the pattern x::anything^n::anything where n is not 1 ?

Update

To give context, I was trying to write this example from the other software  in Maple:

But when I wrote this

expr:=1 + x^2 + x^4;

F:=proc(X::anything,x::symbol)
    local la,y,n;
    if patmatch(X, (y::anything)^(n::'nonunit'(anything)) ,'la') then  
       f(eval(n,la));
     else
        X;
     fi;
end proc;

map(X->F(X,x), expr);

Maple gave 

So I modified the code now to check for explicit 1,  to avoid this bad match, like this

expr:=1 + x^2 + x^4;

F:=proc(X::anything,x::symbol)
    local la,y,n;
    if patmatch(X, (y::anything)^(n::'nonunit'(anything)) ,'la') then  
        if eval(y,la)=1 then #bug in maple?
           X;
        else
           f(eval(n,la));
        fi;
     else
        X;
     fi;
end proc;

map(X->F(X,x), expr);

And now it gives expected result

Given list L:=[3,4,x,x^2,x^3]; return list of all exponents of x (other than 1). So result should be [2,3]

But this has to be done using patmatch, as this is what I am learning. Not using other means. This is my current code that does this.

restart;
L:=[3,4,x,x^2,x^3];
f:=proc(X::anything,x::symbol)
 local la,n;
 if patmatch(X,x^n::nonunit(anything),'la') then
    assign(la);
    RETURN(n);
 else
    RETURN(NULL);
 fi;
end proc;

map(X->f(X,x),L);

Returns [2,3]

I wanted to shorten it using `if` so that no need to call external function f() as shown. So I wrote

L:=[3,4,x,x^2,x^3];
map(X->`if`( patmatch(X,x^n::anything,'la'),[assign(la), n],NULL),L);

But the problem is that on first entry, the assign(la) now assigns value to and hence it is no longer a name for the next element in the list L. This gives error

Error, (in PatternMatching:-AlgStruct:-Match) first operand of `::' must be a name
So I added  unassign('n') like this

restart;
L:=[3,4,x,x^2,x^3];
map(X->[unassign('n'),`if`( patmatch(X,x^n::nonunit(anything),'la'),[assign(la), n],NULL)][],L);

And now this returns 

            [[2], [3]]

How to make it return [2,3]? Why did it add extra []? How can the above be shortened more? and still return [2,3]

edit: I found how to get rid of the extra [], like this

restart;
L:=[3,4,x,x^2,x^3];
map(X->[unassign('n'),`if`( patmatch(X,x^n::nonunit(anything),'la'),[assign(la), n][],NULL)][],L);

Now it returns [2,3] , needed to add extra [] after each closing [.....]

In another system, the code is 

Cases[{3, 4, x, x^2, x^3}, x^n_ -> n]

    {2, 3}
   

I was trying to make the Maple code as short as possible. I know it will not be as short as the above.

The question is: Can above code be made shorter but still use patmatch?

Again, I am looking for only solution using patmatch. I know I can use select and types in Maple to do this also.

Maple 2024.2

Is there another way to change the x-axis values other than tickmarks? For example on an interval [0,4*Pi]

restart; with(plots); with(DEtools)

Ode1 := diff(y(t), t, t) = cos(t)

diff(diff(y(t), t), t) = cos(t)

(1)

IC := (D(y))(0) = 0, y(0) = 1

(D(y))(0) = 0, y(0) = 1

(2)

gsol := dsolve(Ode1, y(t))

y(t) = -cos(t)+c__1*t+c__2

(3)

exactsol := dsolve({IC, Ode1}, y(t), numeric, output = listprocedure)

odeplot(exactsol, [t, y(t)], 0 .. 4*Pi, color = blue, title = "Solution to the Differential Equation", labels = ["t", "y(t)"])

 

Download directly_integrable.mw

A farmer has exactly 100m of wire mesh fence available to enclose a pasture. The fence must begin and end at his large oak tree. To do this, imagine the usual "north-south/west-east" cross of the cardinal directions in the drawing plane. The oak tree is at the center of this.

1. All land that lies west of the imaginary axis is not worth a cent.

2. All land that lies east of the oak tree becomes continuously more expensive the further it is from the north-south axis. The property value is based on the function y = k · x, where y represents the price per square meter and x represents the distance in meters to the north-south axis. k is a proportionality factor, which for the task is k = 1 euro/m^3.

a) On which curve must the fence run so that the enclosed pasture area has the greatest possible value?

b) On which curve must the fence run if instead of the distance x from the north-south axis the distance r from the oak tree is decisive with the same factor k?

I was watching Maple's video for conference 2024. In one of the presentation, this example is given

But in my Mapple 2024.2 I get an error typing the same command:

interface(version);

`Standard Worksheet Interface, Maple 2024.2, Windows 10, October 29 2024 Build ID 1872373`

restart;

my_ode:={diff(x(t),t$2)-t^2*x(t)=0, x(0)=1,D(x)(0)=1}:
MultivariatePowerSeries:-PowerSeries(my_ode,t,x);

Error, invalid input: too many and/or wrong type of arguments passed to MultivariatePowerSeries:-PowerSeries; first unused argument is t

 

 

Download powerSeries_nov_14_2024.mw

Link to the video is here  it is around 39:00 in time. 

Any one knows why I get an error using same command shown in the video?

I tried connecting Maple to Jupyter Notebook, but it seems that it is not keen on outputting everything within the for loop; it only outputs the last item.

for i from 1 to 24 do
    print(i);
end do;

I've noticed that the Maple interface is always white, and after a long time, it causes eye strain. I wonder if it's possible to adjust the interface color, similar to Mathematica. My system is Windows 11.

Currently, I often use VSCode as an alternative, but some mathematical symbols don't display very clearly.

I have noticed similar discussions, such as this one, but I don’t know how to do it

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